• Several studies have indicated that ICT induces activation o

  2019-11-19

  

  Several studies have indicated that ICT induces activation of ERK and p38 kinase in a variety of cells. The ERK pathway was involved in and partly contributed to the neuroprotective effects in rat neuronal Cinobufagin [14] and anticancer effects in several cancer cells [5], [7], [8]. ICT could also

• Antioxidants such as SFN have been

  2019-11-18

  

  Antioxidants such as SFN have been proposed to be chemopreventive agents to inhibit, delay or reverse the development of cancer (Bayat Mokhtari et al., 2018). SFN was shown in breast epithelial cell culture to suppress oxidative metabolism of E2/E1 and thus protect against estrogen-mediated DNA dama

• Compounds were synthesized using a

  2019-11-18

  

  Compounds were synthesized using a facile 8-step convergent synthesis ( and ). Briefly, (Boc)cyclen (compound ) was coupled using TBTU to Fmoc- or Cbz-protected amino alkyl acids (–), followed by deprotection using 20% piperidine in DMF, or H on Pd/C, respectively (–) (). Deprotected linkers were co

• DDR was originally cloned by

  2019-11-18

  

  DDR1 was originally cloned by the group of Michele de Luca, at the time named TrkE. The Genoa-based research team identified the skin, and the keratinocytes in particular, as a major site of DDR1-binding activity [20]. DDR1 is also expressed in kidney, liver and lung (Fig. 2). The functional role of

• In the present study we combined activity

  2019-11-18

  

  In the present study, we combined activity-based protein profiling, biochemical and genetic approaches to identify the PLCPs involved in the sphingolipid pathway leading to plant PCD. By using Arabidopsis bosutinib and leaves, we demonstrate that this sub-class of plant proteases is activated in re

• X-Gal receptor As compared with the broad spectrum

  2019-11-18

  

  As compared with the broad spectrum of chemicals known to serve as the ligands for PXR and CAR, the ligands of VDR are previously restricted to VD3 as well as its hydroxylated metabolites and the secondary bile X-Gal receptor LCA. Recently, the VDR-binding capacities of more compounds have been dis

• br Materials and methods br

  2019-11-18

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In the past decade, GWAS have attempted to identify genetic variants that confer risk for many human diseases, whose inherited components remain unexplained (Manolio et al., 2009). In a few cases risk variants identified by GWAS have paved the way fo

• br Conflict of interest statement br

  2019-11-18

  

  Conflict of interest statement References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements We acknowledge financial support by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (Federal

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2019-11-16

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Chronic inflammation is central to COPD and plays a critical role in the disease pathogenesis and progression. Among the various inflammatory cells, neutrophils are the key players in COPD pathogenesis. Their numbers are raised in airspaces and lung

• The lack of effective strategies aiming

  2019-11-16

  

  The lack of effective strategies, aiming to directly increase the neuronal survival, is reflected by the fact that the only available therapeutic interventions are indirect. They consist of acute therapeutic interventions involving chemical and/or surgical removal of the thrombotic clot (Taqi et al.

• 20b The fibrillogenesis process of collagen is understood to

  2019-11-16

  

  The fibrillogenesis process of collagen is understood to initiate in the extracellular space near the plasma membrane where secretory vesicles form regions of deep invagination. However, it is not clear how and when collagen-binding proteins interact with collagen molecules during fibrillogenesis or

• Based on the deduced amino acid sequence of the catalytic

  2019-11-16

  

  Based on the deduced amino HG-10-102-01 sequence of the catalytic subunit of rG3DH, we could find sequence features that are highly conserved in FAD-harboring dehydrogenase, which include FAD binding motif and sequential cysteine residues in Cysteine-rich region. Several dehydrogenases share simila

• Cryptosporidium is a protist causing

  2019-11-16

  

  Cryptosporidium is a protist causing serious diarrhea in humans and other animals (Bouzid et al. 2013). In its mitosomes, the most reduced forms of mitochondria, it is assumed that the membrane potential is generated by a simple respiratory chain consisting of transhydrogenase, type II NADH dehydrog

• An even more striking difference

  2019-11-16

  

  An even more striking difference is observed when comparing active site residues, which are evolutionarily very well conserved in other soluble PPases 18, 19. In 31 known PPase sequences, 13 functionally important active site residues are conserved in all sequences, but only two of them (D70 and D97

• DNA promoter hypermethylation is an important mechanism

  2019-11-16

  

  DNA promoter hypermethylation is an important mechanism in epigenetic modulation of gene expression.[16], [17], [18] When the promoter CpG island of a gene is hypermethylated, the transcription and its associated function of the gene will be subsequently altered.[19], [20], [21] In human cancers, we

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